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1, the electrodes of the use of performance:
(1) the electrode process performance - usually refers to the operating performance of Nickel Electrodes: Electrode whether welding job easily.
(2) electrode welding performance - whether weldments are fully connected (for welding defects), as well as welded joints meet the requirements (mechanical properties and heat resistance, corrosion resistance and other special properties of the joints).
(3) the efficiency of the welding rod - welded construction whether the welding efficiency improved, lower costs of labor and materials.
2, the electrode process performance:
(1) the electrode arc stability: an arc in the welding process to maintain stable, difficult to shake and extinguishing characteristics. Also have an impact on the arc stability of the electrode eccentric and damp.
(2) the applicability of the various welding positions: suitability of the electrode pairs of the operation of a variety of spatial positions, is an important process of the electrode performance. Various grades of welding rod welding position generally applicable provisions in the electrode manual.
(3) the forming of the weld performance: refers to the weld geometry and surface quality of the weld.
(4) slag removal: its quality has a direct impact on of welders working conditions welding productivity and weld quality. Strong oxidizing slag off slag poor. J422 J426's like slag removal.
(5) the depth of penetration of the weld: the electrode factors, the composition and thickness of the drug skin is the main factor affecting the weld penetration depth. The penetration depth of the thick-coated electrode than thin drug skin. Thick steel butt weld penetration larger electrode groove or open a small slope mouth can not open, so that the production efficiency.
(6) electrode deposition coefficient: the welding process, welding rod per unit time through unit welding current melt deposited metal weldment called deposition coefficient (α). The level of productivity in the electrode deposition coefficient marks the size of the welding process.
(7) the size of the spatter: splash big will not only increase the post-weld cleanup time, wasted electrode. Electrode splash of the type of electrode covering. The electrode coating moisture, splash also increases. Of course, also associated with the welder performance, polarity and other factors.
3, the impact factors of the operating performance of the welding process:
(1) electrode process performance
(2) welder skills
(3) electric welding characteristics
(4) use of a welding tool (e.g., torch)
(5) the material of the base material
(6) Thickness
(7) joint form and size
(8) the welding parameters (such as current, voltage, welding speed, etc.)
(9) the welding position
(10) other welding conditions (such as welding environment, shielding gas, etc.)
Therefore, in order to accurately assess the process performance of the electrode should be fixed welders, welding machines, welding tools, test materials, welding conditions above factors, in order to exclude the impact of these factors.
4, the assessment the electrode process performance method:
To judge by observing the following items:
(1) the occurrence of the arc: start pilot arc of difficulty; (broken arc re-ignition re the pilot arc Ease). (2) the state of the arc: arc stability, including persistence (whether broken arc, wheezing, etc.) and centralized; blow-force size.
(3) molten state: a sleeve shape; drug skin melted uniformity.
Slag (4): flowability; clear the degree of difficulty; coverage uniformity.
(5) spatter: the degree of difficulty of occurrence of state (the size and the number of spatter); clear.
(6) the weld appearance: the solder wave thickness; forming (the weld residual high).
(7) the occurrence of the state of the gas and soot: the occurrence of the amount of smoke constituents.
Eight matters should be noted that the use of stainless steel electrode:
1, chromium stainless steel with a certain degree of corrosion (oxidizing acids, organic acids, cavitation), heat and abrasion resistance. Typically used in power plants, chemical, oil, and other equipment and materials. Chromium not
1, chromium stainless steel with a certain degree of corrosion (oxidizing acids, organic acids, cavitation), heat and abrasion resistance. Typically used in power plants, chemical, oil, and other equipment and materials. Chromium stainless steel welded poor, should pay attention to the welding process, heat treatment conditions and the appropriate choice of welding electrodes.
2, chrome 13 Welding Supplies after welding sclerosing larger prone to cracks. The welding must be carried out about 300 ° C above the preheating and post weld 700 ° C slow cooling treatment using the same type of chromium stainless steel electrode (G202, G207). Weldment can not be post-weld heat treatment should be used chrome-nickel stainless steel electrode (A107, A207)
3, Chromium 17 Stainless Steel, to improve the corrosion resistance and weldability and appropriately increase appropriate stability of the elements Ti, Nb, Mo, etc., a good weldability than 13 chromium stainless steel. Should be carried out using the same type of chromium stainless steel electrode (G302, G307), preheat and post-weld above 200 ℃ and 800 ℃ tempering. Weldment can not be heat treated, should be used chrome-nickel Stainless Steel Welding Rod (A107, A207).
4, chrome-nickel stainless steel electrode has good corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, widely used in chemical, fertilizer, petroleum, medical machinery manufacturing.
Chrome-nickel stainless steel welded carbide precipitation by repeated heating to reduce corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.
6, chrome-nickel stainless steel titanium calcium type low hydrogen type drug skin. Titanium calcium type can be used for AC-DC and AC welding penetration shallow, and at the same time easy to redness, so as much as possible with DC power. Diameter of 4.0 and below can be used for all-position welding pieces of 5.0 and above for flat welding and fillet welding.
7, the electrode should be kept dry, titanium calcium type shall be approved by the dried at 150 ℃ for 1 hour, low-hydrogen type shall be approved by of 200-250 ℃ dry for one hour (not repeated drying or drug skin prone to cracking peeling) to prevent electrode medicated skin sticky oil and other dirt, to avoid causing the weld to increase the quality of the carbon content and impact of the weldment.
8, in order to prevent the generated eye intergranular corrosion due to the heating, the welding current should not be too large, about 20% less than the carbon steel electrode, an arc is not too long, the interlayer fast cooling, preferably with narrow weld.
